AI Article Synopsis
- Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) causes gastroenteritis in pigs and currently lacks available vaccines or antiviral treatments.
- This study examined the impact of bile acids, specifically chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), on PDCoV replication in pig cell cultures.
- The findings revealed that CDCA and LCA can inhibit PDCoV replication by activating immune responses in intestinal cells, suggesting potential pathways for developing antiviral therapies against PDCoV in pigs.
Article Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric coronavirus that causes gastroenteritis in pigs and no vaccines or antiviral drugs are available. Bile acids are active factors in intestines and influence the replication of enteric viruses. Currently, the role of bile acids on PDCoV replication is unknown. In this study, we tested the effects of different types of bile acids on the replication of PDCoV in cell culture. We found that physiological concentrations of bile acids chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) had antiviral activity against PDCoV in porcine kidney cell line (LLC-PK1) and porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). In IPEC-J2 cells, CDCA and LCA inhibited PDCoV replication at post-entry stages by inducing the production of interferon (IFN)-λ3 and IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) via G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In summary, bile acids CDCA and LCA restricted PDCoV infection and LCA functioned through a GPCR-IFN-λ3-ISG15 signaling axis in IPEC-J2 cells. Our results may open new avenues for the development of antiviral drugs to treat PDCoV infection in pigs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109097 | DOI Listing |
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