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A Bioengineered Model of the Human Cornea for Preclinical Assessment of Human Ocular Exposure to Environmental Toxicants.
Adv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Here a bioengineered platform is introduced to investigate adverse effects of environmental materials on the human cornea. Using primary cells, this system is capable of reproducing the differentiated corneal epithelium and its underlying stroma in the human eye, which can then be treated with externally applied solid, liquid, or gaseous substances in a controlled manner and under physiologically relevant conditions. The proof-of-principle of how this system can be used to simulate human ocular exposure to different classes of environmental toxicants for direct visualization and quantitative analysis of their potential to induce acute corneal injury and inflammation is demonstrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRHO-Associated Coiled-Coil-Containing Protein Kinase Inhibitors Significantly Modulate the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by TGF-β2 in the 2-D and 3-D Cultures of Human Corneal Stroma Fibroblasts.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W16 Chuo-ku, Sapporo City 060-8543, Hokkaido, Japan.
Background/objectives: The objective of the present study was to examine the unidentified effects that RHO-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 and 2 antagonists exert on the transforming growth factor beta2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the human corneal stroma.
Methods: In the presence or absence of pan-RHO-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase inhibitors, ripasudil or Y27632 and RHO-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 inhibitor, KD025, we analyzed the following: (1) planar proliferation caused by trans-endothelial electrical resistance and the cellular metabolic characteristics of the two-dimensional cultures of human corneal stroma fibroblasts; (2) the physical properties of a three-dimensional human corneal stroma fibroblasts spheroid; and (3) the gene expressions and their regulators in the extracellular matrix, along with the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and matrix metalloproteinases and the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related factors of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures in human corneal stroma fibroblasts.
Results: Exposure to 5 nM of the transforming growth factor beta2 markedly increased the trans-endothelial electrical resistance values as well as the metabolic function in two-dimensional cultures of human corneal stroma fibroblasts.
Iris Avulsion During Corneal Wound Hydration After Uneventful Cataract Extraction.
Cureus
November 2024
Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, GBR.
We report a case of spontaneous total iris avulsion that occurred during corneal wound hydration following an uneventful phacoemulsification procedure. An 86-year-old woman underwent cataract surgery on her right eye, during which a single-piece acrylic intraocular lens (Bausch and Lomb Akreos Adapt Advanced Optics, Bausch and Lomb Incorporated, Rochester, NY, USA) was implanted in the bag, and the viscoelastic material was removed. During corneal wound hydration, total iris avulsion was observed, with the iris prolapsing out of the anterior chamber through the main wound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelayed spontaneous resolution of a double anterior chamber following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).
BMC Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: This study reports a rare case of delayed spontaneous resolution of double anterior chambers (AC) resulting from non-rhegmatogenous Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). Currently, management guidelines for this condition have not been established.
Case Presentation: A 65-year-old woman with lattice corneal dystrophy underwent uncomplicated DALK, during which an unrecognized type 2 big bubble was present.
Small fiber pathology in fibromyalgia syndrome.
Pain Rep
February 2025
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
About 50% of women with fibromyalgia syndrome have reduced skin innervation. This finding is consistent in patient cohorts from different regions of the world. Small fiber function may also be affected, as shown by various studies using different methods, such as quantitative sensory testing or special small fiber neurophysiology such as C-fiber microneurography.
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