AI Article Synopsis
- The exopolysaccharide CEP4, derived from sp., was characterized as a sulfated heteropolysaccharide with glucosamine hydrochloride and glucuronic acid as its primary components.
- CEP4 significantly enhances immune activity in RAW264.7 macrophages by inducing the production of key cytokines and nitric oxide in a dose-dependent manner.
- RNA-seq analysis identified 4824 differentially expressed genes, with significant enrichment in immune-related pathways, indicating CEP4's potential as an immunoregulatory agent.
Article Abstract
In this study, the exopolysaccharides of sp. (CEP) were isolated to obtain the purified fraction CEP4. Characterization results showed that CEP4 was a sulfated heteropolysaccharide. The main monosaccharide components of CEP4 are glucosamine hydrochloride (40.8%) and glucuronic acid (21.0%). The impact of CEP4 on the immune activity of RAW264.7 macrophage cytokines was detected, and the results showed that CEP4 induced the production of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent pattern within a range of 6 μg/mL. A total of 4824 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the results of RNA-seq. Gene enrichment analysis showed that immune-related genes such as , , and were significantly upregulated, while the genes and were significantly downregulated. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in immune-related biological processes, including toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that , , , , , , , , , and were the hub genes with an essential role in the immune activity of CEP4. The preliminary results of the present study revealed the potential mechanism of CEP4 in the immune regulation of RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting that CEP4 is a promising immunoregulatory agent.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070752 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19040217 | DOI Listing |
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