Chemical investigation of the aerial parts (except fruits) of the medicinal, hallucinogen and toxic plant Mill. [Solanaceae] led to the isolation of the new withanolide, dinnoxolide A (), along with the known compounds 21,27-dihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,5,24-trienolide (), daturamalakin B () and withametelin (). Their structures were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments and MS. Compounds and were isolated as natural products for the first time and the name dinnoxolide B was given to compound . The four withanolides showed cytotoxic activity against U251 (glioblastoma) and SK-LU-1 (lung adenocarcinoma) human cancer cell lines, with IC values ranging from 1.2 to 19.6 µM, and also against the noncancerous monkey kidney cell line (COS-7), with IC values ranging from 5.0 to 19.7 µM. Compound was two times more active than the reference compound, etoposide, against lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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