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Singapore's COVID-19 Genomic Surveillance Programme: Strategies and Insights From a Pandemic Year.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
December 2024
Communicable Diseases Group, Ministry of Health, Singapore.
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, genomic surveillance was crucial for monitoring virus spread and identifying variants. Effective surveillance helped understand transmission dynamics. Singapore had success in combating COVID-19 through its surveillance programmes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhaled Nitric Oxide Treatment of Early Pulmonary Hypertension to Reduce the Risk of Death or Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Infants Born Extremely Preterm: A Masked Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Pediatr
December 2024
Center for Neonatal Care, Advent Health for Children, Orlando, FL.
Objective: To determine whether inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) treatment of early pulmonary hypertension (PH) would decrease the risk of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among infants born extremely preterm.
Study Design: This was a single-center, masked, randomized controlled trial involving infants born at ≤29 weeks' gestation and requiring positive pressure ventilation. Exclusion criteria included infants of COVID-19 positive mothers, large patent ductus arteriosus with left to right shunting, left ventricle dysfunction (ejection fraction <40%), significant congenital anomalies/genetic disorders, or iNO treatment by clinicians prior to the study echocardiogram.
Demographic and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Albania.
J Infect Dev Ctries
October 2024
Clinical Department, University of Elbasan "Aleksander Xhuvani", Albania.
Introduction: This study provides a general overview of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Albania. The aim was to assess the spread of COVID-19 in the country by describing the demographic and epidemiological characteristics.
Methodology: We performed a 12-month national observational, epidemiological study.
Association of Gene Variants with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in COVID-19 Infected Pregnant Women in Kazakhstan.
Viruses
October 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors located on membranes to enter host cells. Nevertheless, the gene primarily encodes for a zinc metalloproteinase, which is a part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2 downregulation results in the deregulation of RAS in favor of pro-fibrosis, pro-apoptosis, oxidative stress, pro-inflammation, aldosterone production and release, and blood vessel contraction axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMisperception of maternal COVID-19 test status as a barrier to recruitment for an observational cohort study of mother-preterm infant dyads.
J Clin Transl Sci
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Enrollment into a prospective cohort study of mother-preterm infant dyads during the COVID-19 pandemic progressed slower than anticipated. Enrollment occurred during the first week after preterm birth, while infants were still hospitalized. We hypothesized that slower enrollment was attributable to mothers testing positive for COVID-19 as hospital policies restricted them from entering the neonatal intensive care unit, thus reducing interactions with research staff.
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