Reassessing career pathways of surgical leaders: An examination of surgical leaders' early accomplishments.

Background: The American College of Surgeon (ACS), American Surgical Association (ASA), Association of Women Surgeons (AWS), and Society of Black Academic Surgeons (SBAS) partnered to gain insight into whether inequities found in surgical society presidents may be present earlier.

Methods: ACS, ASA, AWS, and SBAS presidents' CVs were assessed for demographics and scholastic achievements at the time of first faculty appointment. Regression analyses controlling for age were performed to determine relative differences across societies.

Results: 66 of the 68 presidents' CVs were received and assessed (97% response rate). 50% of AWS future presidents were hired as Instructors rather than Assistant professors, compared to 29.4% of SBAS, 25% of ASA and 29.4% of ACS. The future ACS, ASA, and SBAS presidents had more total publications than the AWS presidents, but similar numbers of 1st and Sr. author publications.

Conclusion: Gender inequities in academic surgeon hiring practices and perceived scholastic success may be present at first hire.