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Acute Phase Responses Vary Between Children of HbAS and HbAA Genotypes During Infection. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how the haemoglobin genotype (HbAA vs HbAS) affects the levels of acute phase proteins (APPs) and blood indices during infections, specifically malaria, in children aged 6 months to 15 years in Ghana.
  • Results showed that HbAA children had higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) during malaria, while transferrin levels decreased significantly only in HbAA children.
  • No significant differences in ferritin levels were found between the two genotypes, but notable differences in red blood cell count and haemoglobin levels were observed when children were not infected with malaria.

Article Abstract

Purpose: Haemoglobin genotype S is known to offer protection against infections but the mechanism underlying this protection is not completely understood. Associated changes in acute phase proteins (APPs) during infections between Haemoglobin AA (HbAA) and Haemoglobin AS (HbAS) individuals also remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate changes in three APPs and full blood count (FBC) indices of HbAA and HbAS children during infection.

Methods: Venous blood was collected from three hundred and twenty children (6 months to 15 years) in Begoro in Fanteakwa District of Ghana during a cross-sectional study. Full blood count (FBC) indices were measured and levels of previously investigated APPs in malaria patients; C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and transferrin measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays.

Results: Among the HbAA and HbAS children, levels of CRP and ferritin were higher in malaria positive children as compared to those who did not have malaria. The mean CRP levels were significantly higher among HbAA children (p=0.2e-08) as compared to the HbAS children (p=0.43). Levels of transferrin reduced in both HbAA and HbAS children with malaria, but the difference was only significant among HbAA children (p=0.0038), as compared to the HbAS children. No significant differences were observed in ferritin levels between HbAA and HbAS children in both malaria negative (p=0.76) and positive (p=0.26) children. Of the full blood count indices measured, red blood cell count (p=0.044) and haemoglobin (Hb) levels (p=0.017) differed between HbAA and HbAS in those without malaria, with higher RBC counts and lower Hb levels found in HbAS children. In contrast, during malaria, lymphocyte and platelet counts were elevated, whilst granulocytes and Mean Cell Haematocrit counts were reduced among children of the HbAS genotypes.

Conclusion: Significant changes in APPs were found in HbAA children during malaria as compared to HbAS children, possibly due to differences in malaria-induced inflammation levels. This suggests that the HbAS genotype is associated with better control of infection-induced inflammatory response than HbAA genotype.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8055362PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S301465DOI Listing

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