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An ABC transporter Wzm-Wzt catalyzes translocation of lipid-linked galactan across the plasma membrane in mycobacteria. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The text discusses how a deadly bacterium has a unique, layered cell wall that protects it from the immune system, comprising components like peptidoglycan and mycolic acids.
  • It highlights recent advancements in understanding how these components are transported across the cell membrane during cell wall formation.
  • The study uses CRISPR interference to investigate an ABC transporter responsible for moving galactan precursors, demonstrating that its genetic disruption leads to significant changes in bacterial structure and the buildup of a lengthy galactan precursor.

Article Abstract

one of the deadliest pathogens in human history, is distinguished by a unique, multilayered cell wall, which offers the bacterium a high level of protection from the attacks of the host immune system. The primary structure of the cell wall core, composed of covalently linked peptidoglycan, branched heteropolysaccharide arabinogalactan, and mycolic acids, is well known, and numerous enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of its components are characterized. The cell wall biogenesis takes place at both cytoplasmic and periplasmic faces of the plasma membrane, and only recently some of the specific transport systems translocating the metabolic intermediates between these two compartments have been characterized [M. Jackson, C. M. Stevens, L. Zhang, H. I. Zgurskaya, M. Niederweis, , 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00869 (2020)]. In this work, we use CRISPR interference methodology in to functionally characterize an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter involved in the translocation of galactan precursors across the plasma membrane. We show that genetic knockdown of the transmembrane subunit of the transporter results in severe morphological changes and the accumulation of an aberrantly long galactan precursor. Based on similarities with structures and functions of specific O-antigen ABC transporters of gram-negative bacteria [C. Whitfield, D. M. Williams, S. D. Kelly, 295, 10593-10609 (2020)], we propose a model for coupled synthesis and export of the galactan polymer precursor in mycobacteria.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8092408PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023663118DOI Listing

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