AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) might affect respiratory health through changes in DNA methylation in nasal cells in children, focusing on different durations of exposure.
- Researchers analyzed DNA from nasal swabs of 503 children, checking for epigenetic changes linked to PM exposure over various timeframes (1 day to 1 year).
- Results showed significant associations between PM exposure over the past year and DNA methylation changes in certain genes, but no links were found for shorter exposure durations.
Article Abstract
Rationale: PMinduced adverse effects on respiratory health may be driven by epigenetic modifications in airway cells. The potential impact of exposure duration on epigenetic alterations in the airways is not yet known.
Objectives: We aimed to study associations of fine particulate matter PM exposure with DNA methylation in nasal cells.
Methods: We conducted nasal epigenome-wide association analyses within 503 children from Project Viva (mean age 12.9 y), and examined various exposure durations (1-day, 1-week, 1-month, 3-months and 1-year) prior to nasal sampling. We used residential addresses to estimate average daily PM at 1 km resolution. We collected nasal swabs from the anterior nares and measured DNA methylation (DNAm) using the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We tested 719,075 high quality autosomal CpGs using CpG-by-CpG and regional DNAm analyses controlling for multiple comparisons, and adjusted for maternal education, household smokers, child sex, race/ethnicity, BMI z-score, age, season at sample collection and cell-type heterogeneity. We further corrected for bias and genomic inflation. We tested for replication in a cohort from the Netherlands (PIAMA).
Results: In adjusted analyses, we found 362 CpGs associated with 1-year PM (FDR < 0.05), 20 CpGs passing Bonferroni correction (P < 7.0x10) and 10 Differentially Methylated Regions (DMRs). In 445 PIAMA participants (mean age 16.3 years) 11 of 203 available CpGs replicated at P < 0.05. We observed differential DNAm at/near genes implicated in cell cycle, immune and inflammatory responses. There were no CpGs or regions associated with PM levels at 1-day, 1-week, or 1-month prior to sample collection, although 2 CpGs were associated with past 3-month PM.
Conclusion: We observed wide-spread DNAm variability associated with average past year PM exposure but we did not detect associations with shorter-term exposure. Our results suggest that nasal DNAm marks reflect chronic air pollution exposure.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8823376 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106505 | DOI Listing |
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