AI Article Synopsis
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) mimics multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in MRI findings, but the prevalence of the central vein sign (CVS) in MOGAD has not been fully explored.
- A study comparing MRI results from 26 MOGAD patients with those of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD patients found that MOGAD patients had significantly fewer brain lesions and a lower CVS presence (12.1%) than MS patients (44.4%).
- Results indicated that MOGAD was associated with longer segments of spinal
Article Abstract
Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) can radiographically mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Central vein sign (CVS) prevalence has not yet been well-established in MOGAD.
Objective: Characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and CVS prevalence of MOGAD patients in comparison to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD.
Methods: Clinical MRIs from 26 MOGAD patients were compared to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD. Brain MRIs were assessed for involvement within predefined regions of interest. CVS was assessed by overlaying fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and susceptibility-weighted sequences. Topographic analyses were performed on spinal cord and orbital MRIs when available.
Results: MOGAD patients had fewer brain lesions and average CVS+ rate of 12.1%, compared to 44.4% in MS patients ( = 0.0008). MOGAD spinal cord and optic nerve involvement was lengthier than MS (5.8 vs 1.0 vertebral segments, = 0.020; 3.0 vs 0.5 cm, < 0.0001). MOGAD patients tended to have bilateral/anterior optic nerve pathology with perineural contrast enhancement, contrasting with posterior optic nerve involvement in NMOSD.
Conclusion: CVS+ rate and longer segments of involvement in the spinal cord and optic nerve can differentiate MOGAD from MS, but do not discriminate as well between MOGAD and AQP4+ NMOSD.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585211007086 | DOI Listing |
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