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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.
Background: Circadian rhythm disorder is not only a characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases but may participate in driving the pathological development in early stages of these diseases. Transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) knockdown and its pathological aggregation are associated with severe neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Methods: C57BL/6 mice were sleep deprived and sarcrificed at ZT0, ZT6, ZT12, and ZT18 and detected by Western blots.
Tooth loss-associated neuroplasticity of mastication-related motor cortical neurons.
J Oral Biosci
December 2024
Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyoto Koka Women's College, 38 Nishikyogoku Kadono-cho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-0882, Japan.
Objectives: The cerebral cortex contains neurons that play a pivotal role in controlling rhythmic masticatory jaw movements. However, the population characteristics of individual cortical neuronal activity during mastication and the impact of tooth loss on these characteristics remain unclear. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine the activity patterns of mastication-related motor cortical neurons elicited during mastication and examine the effects of tooth extraction on neuronal activity using two-photon Ca imaging in head-restrained awake mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe periodicity of enamel laminations in human deciduous molars.
Arch Oral Biol
December 2024
School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; School of Chemistry and Forensic Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Objective: Enamel laminations are closely spaced incremental lines that run parallel to Retzius lines or the developing enamel surface. Here, the timing of enamel laminations is calculated for naturally exfoliated deciduous molars (n = 111) from three modern-day populations (Aotearoa New Zealand, Britain and Canada).
Design: Teeth were sectioned using standard histological methods and examined using a high-powered microscope.
Symmetry Breaking in Supramolecular Gel Condensation.
Chem Asian J
December 2024
Center for Quantum Science and Technologies, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, India.
Supramolecular condensation during cooling cycles often transitions through multiple metastable phases before achieving a stable crystalline state. Metastability arises from various competing parameters like symmetrical arrangement, and supramolecular bonding and manifests at different temperatures. Symmetrical physical arrangements can minimize vibrational energy and stabilize the systems at higher temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAttenuated processing of vowels in the left temporal cortex predicts speech-in-noise perception deficit in children with autism.
J Neurodev Disord
December 2024
Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Background: Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory "object".
Methods: We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise.
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