AI Article Synopsis
- Surgical techniques for the head and maxillofacial area have evolved significantly, particularly in the 19th and 20th centuries due to advancements in anesthesia and antibiotics.
- Various surgical methods today offer distinct pros and cons, but there's often a lack of context regarding their historical development.
- This article is part of a series that focuses on the historical overview and detailed examination of modern surgical approaches, specifically targeting the lower face in this third installment.
Article Abstract
Surgical approaches to the head and maxillofacial area have been described and modified by many authors throughout history. It was, however, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries when most of the techniques were described, mainly thanks to the advent of anesthesia and antibiotic therapy. Currently, a myriad of surgical techniques are employed to access the maxillofacial complex, with each of them having advantages and disadvantages. Although the approaches are the subject of textbooks and articles, most do not describe the circumstances or the historical context under which they were designed. In a series of three articles, we will provide a historical perspective of the most common surgical approaches to the head and face employed today. Descriptions contain advantages and disadvantages and modifications are provided. The purpose of the present article (3/3) is to review the approaches to the lower face.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10006-021-00957-9 | DOI Listing |
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