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A population-based study on associations of stool microbiota with atopic diseases in school-age children. | LitMetric

A population-based study on associations of stool microbiota with atopic diseases in school-age children.

J Allergy Clin Immunol

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergolog, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Published: August 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • Infants with less diverse gut microbiota may have a higher risk of developing atopic diseases, but the impact on school-age children is less understood.
  • This study analyzed stool samples from 1,440 ten-year-olds to explore the relationship between microbiota diversity and atopic illnesses like eczema, allergies, and asthma.
  • Results showed that greater gut microbiota diversity was linked to a lower risk of eczema and inhalant allergies, with certain bacteria types associated with either decreased or increased risks for these conditions.

Article Abstract

Background: Infants with less diverse gut microbiota seem to have higher risks of atopic diseases in early life, but any associations at school age are unclear.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the associations of diversity, relative abundance, and functional pathways of stool microbiota with atopic diseases in school-age children.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study within an existing population-based prospective cohort among 1440 children 10 years of age. On stool samples, 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed, and taxonomic and functional tables were produced. Physician-diagnosed eczema, allergy, and asthma were measured by questionnaires, allergic sensitization by skin prick tests, and lung function by spirometry.

Results: The α-diversity of stool microbiota was associated with a decreased risk of eczema (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97, 1.00), and β-diversity was associated with physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (R = 0.001; P = .047). Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group species were associated with decreased risks of eczema, inhalant allergic sensitization, and physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (OR range, 0.88-0.94; 95% CI range, 0.79-0.96 to 0.88-0.98), while Agathobacter species were associated with an increased risk of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08-1.42). Functional pathways related to heme and terpenoid biosynthesis were associated with decreased risks of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy and asthma (OR range, 0.89-0.86; 95% CI range, 0.80-0.99 to 0.73-1.02). No associations of stool microbiota with lung function were observed.

Conclusions: The diversity, relative abundance and functional pathways of stool microbiota were most consistently associated with physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy in school-age children and less consistently with other atopic diseases.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.001DOI Listing

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