Since the 1990s, there has been a steady increase in the number of cancer survivors to an estimated 17 million in 2019 in the US alone. Radiation therapy today is applied to a variety of malignancies and over 50% of cancer patients. The effects of ionizing radiation on cardiac structure and function, so-called radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD), have been extensively studied. We review the available published data on the mechanisms and manifestations of RIHD, with a focus on vascular disease, as well as proposed strategies for its prevention, screening, diagnosis, and management.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.652761 | DOI Listing |
J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech
February 2025
Department of Vascular Surgery, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI.
Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol
October 2024
Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Background/purpose: Radiation-induced cardiac toxicity in lung cancer patients has received increased attention since RTOG 0617. However, large cohort studies with accurate cardiac substructure (CS) contours are lacking, limiting our understanding of the potential influence of individual CSs. Here, we analyse the correlation between CS dose and overall survival (OS) while accounting for deep learning (DL) contouring uncertainty, uncertainty and different modelling approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Surg Oncol
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
Background: Post-radiation fractures (PRF) are a recognised complication of radiation treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. They have a low incidence and typically occur up to 5 years following treatment, more commonly affecting the pelvis, ribs and femur. Due to radiation-induced changes in bone, PRFs typically require more complicated intervention compared to post-trauma fractures, however, limited literature exists, particularly in regards to mid-shaft femoral PRFs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Stem Cell
December 2024
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Vivodyne Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address:
Here, we present a bioengineering approach to emulate the human bone marrow in vitro. Our developmentally inspired method uses self-organization of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and vascular endothelial cells cultured in a three-dimensional microphysiological system to create vascularized, perfusable tissue constructs that resemble the hematopoietic vascular niche of the human marrow. The microengineered niche is capable of multilineage hematopoiesis and can generate functionally mature human myeloid cells that can intravasate into perfused blood vessels, providing a means to model the mobilization of innate immune cells from the marrow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Radiat Biol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively assess changes in lung perfusion after thoracic radiotherapy in lung cancer patients.
Materials And Methods: Patients underwent chest computed tomography (CT) for pulmonary vasculature analysis before radiotherapy and at 3 and 12 months after radiotherapy. The correlation between the percentage decrease in lung perfusion after radiotherapy and the delivered radiotherapy dose was analyzed.
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