Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19 and periodontitis: Possible protective effect of melatonin.

Med Hypotheses

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus; Animal Hospital, Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus.

Published: June 2021

Daily new information emerges regarding the COVID-19, infection of SARS-CoV-2, which is considered a global pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are required to complete the viral invasion pathway and are present in the oral mucosa, gingiva and periodontal pocket. Thus, increasing the likelihood of periodontitis and gingivitis caused by COVID-19. The cytokine storm during COVID-19 similarly arises during periodontal inflammation. Studies have reported that NOD-Like Receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is significant in the cytokine storm. Recently, the course of the COVID-19 has been related to the melatonin levels in both COVID-19 and periodontal diseases. It is known that melatonin prevents the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. In light of these findings, we think that melatonin treatment during COVID-19 or periodontal diseases may prevent the damage seen in periodontal tissues by preventing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8007534PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110588DOI Listing

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