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Hypoxia Inducible Factor-dependent upregulation of Agrp in glomus type I cells of the carotid body.
Mol Metab
January 2025
Center for Hypothalamic Research and Department of Internal medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. Electronic address:
Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) is a well-established potent orexigenic peptide primarily expressed in hypothalamic neurons. Nevertheless, the expression and functional significance of extrahypothalamic AgRP remain poorly understood. In this study, utilizing histological and molecular biology techniques, we have identified a significant expression of Agrp mRNA and AgRP peptide production in glomus type I cells within the mouse carotid body (CB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe reducing end of cell wall oligosaccharides is critical for DAMP activity in Arabidopsis thaliana and can be exploited by oligosaccharide oxidases in the reduction of oxidized phenolics.
Plant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
The enzymatic hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides results in the production of oligosaccharides with nature of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are perceived by plants as danger signals. The in vitro oxidation of oligogalacturonides and cellodextrins by plant FAD-dependent oligosaccharide-oxidases (OSOXs) suppresses their elicitor activity in vivo, suggesting a protective role of OSOXs against a prolonged activation of defense responses potentially deleterious for plant health. However, OSOXs are also produced by phytopathogens and saprotrophs, complicating the understanding of their role in plant-microbe interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDigiLoCS: A leap forward in predictive organ-on-chip simulations.
PLoS One
January 2025
ESQlabs Gmbh, Saterland, Germany.
Digital twins, driven by data and mathematical modelling, have emerged as powerful tools for simulating complex biological systems. In this work, we focus on modelling the clearance on a liver-on-chip as a digital twin that closely mimics the clearance functionality of the human liver. Our approach involves the creation of a compartmental physiological model of the liver using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to estimate pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters related to on-chip liver clearance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconstitution of human DNA licensing and the structural and functional analysis of key intermediates.
Nat Commun
January 2025
DNA Replication Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Human DNA licensing initiates replication fork assembly and DNA replication. This reaction promotes the loading of the hMCM2-7 complex on DNA, which represents the core of the replicative helicase that unwinds DNA during S-phase. Here, we report the reconstitution of human DNA licensing using purified proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is essential for macromolecular biosynthesis, and its intracellular levels are tightly regulated in bacteria. Loss of the alarmone (p)ppGpp disrupts GTP regulation in , causing cell death in the presence of exogenous guanosine and underscoring the critical importance of GTP homeostasis. To investigate the basis of guanosine toxicity, we performed a genetic selection for spontaneous mutations that suppress this effect, uncovering an unexpected link between GTP synthesis and glycolysis.
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