AI Article Synopsis
- Tissue mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) play a crucial role in detecting pathogens and presenting antigens, with a focus on HIV transmission to CD4 T cells.
- Previous studies primarily targeted epithelial MNPs, but this research highlights the importance of sub-epithelial MNPs, especially in the context of mucosal trauma and inflammation linked to HIV transmission.
- The study identifies two specific subsets of sub-epithelial MNPs—CD14CD1c monocyte-derived dendritic cells and langerin-expressing conventional dendritic cells 2 (cDC2)—that are key in taking up HIV, becoming infected, and facilitating its transmission to CD4 T cells.
Article Abstract
Tissue mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) are specialised in pathogen detection and antigen presentation. As such they deliver HIV to its primary target cells; CD4 T cells. Most MNP HIV transmission studies have focused on epithelial MNPs. However, as mucosal trauma and inflammation are now known to be strongly associated with HIV transmission, here we examine the role of sub-epithelial MNPs which are present in a diverse array of subsets. We show that HIV can penetrate the epithelial surface to interact with sub-epithelial resident MNPs in anogenital explants and define the full array of subsets that are present in the human anogenital and colorectal tissues that HIV may encounter during sexual transmission. In doing so we identify two subsets that preferentially take up HIV, become infected and transmit the virus to CD4 T cells; CD14CD1c monocyte-derived dendritic cells and langerin-expressing conventional dendritic cells 2 (cDC2).
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8042121 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22375-x | DOI Listing |
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