Selective catalytic oxidation is regarded as an effective and favored method for the removal of hazardous ammonia. A number of M-Pt/USY (M=Mn, Fe, Ce and Pr) catalysts were prepared and the resulting materials were characterized using N adsorption/desorption, XRD, TEM, NH-TPD, XPS and H-TPR. It was found that the addition of non-stoichiometric metal oxides to Pt/USY leads to the generation of additional acid sites for ammonia chemisorption and that N selectivity improved with increased strong acidity of the bi-functional catalysts. The oxidation state of active Pt could be adjusted by the introduction of non-stoichiometric metal oxides with increased concentrations of oxidized Pt species observed in the order of FeO >CeO >MnO >PrO. High valence platinum surrounded by atomic oxygen that can act as a proton scavenger to drive ammonia activation, inhibiting O dissociation and therefore improve N selectivity. Fe-containing USY zeolite is demonstrated to be a preferred catalyst for the removal of ammonia, due to its high N selectivity and good hydrothermal stability.
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