Community beliefs toward causes of illness: cross cultural studies in Tolotang and Ammatoa Ethnics in Indonesia.

Objective: This study aimed to compare community beliefs regarding causes of illness and preventive actions of two minority ethnic groups in Indonesia.

Method: A qualitative design with an ethnographic and phenomenological approach with a total of 18 participants.

Result: The Ammatoa Kajang and Towani Tolotang do believe that many factors determine health status. Both ethnics keep the faith that fail to follow tribe's rules and disobedience to their customs and values inherited from their ancestors will affect their health. The most significant similarity is the way they respect their community leader and traditions. Although both ethnics believe that disease caused by evil spirits, they have a different perspective on disease prevention. While Ammatoa Kajang emphasis more on adherence to Ammatoa's instructions, Towani Tolotang perceives that they should maintain good relations and perform self-control.

Conclusion: There is a need to develop health policies and programs for indigenous community without compromising preserved cultural values.