An ion cyclotron emission (ICE) diagnostic is prepared for installation into the W7-X stellarator, with the aim to be operated in the 2022 experimental campaign. The design is based on the successful ICE diagnostic on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. The new diagnostic consists of four B-dot probes, mounted about 72° toroidally away (one module) from the neutral beam injector, with an unobstructed plasma view. Two of the B-dot probes are oriented parallel to the local magnetic field, aimed to detect fast magnetosonic waves. The remaining two probes are oriented poloidally, with the aim to detect slow waves. The radio frequency (RF) signals picked up by the probes are transferred via 50 Ω vacuum-compatible coaxial cables to RF detectors. Narrow band notch filters are used to protect the detectors from possible RF waves launched by the W7-X antenna. The signal will be sampled with a four-channel fast analog-to-digital converter with 14 bit depth and 1 GSample/s sampling rate. The diagnostic's phase-frequency characteristic is properly measured in order to allow measuring the wave vectors of the picked up waves.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0040944 | DOI Listing |
Phys Med Biol
January 2025
Center for Molecular Imaging and Experimental Radiotherapy, Universite Catholique de Louvain, av Hippocrate 55 B1.54.07, Brussels, 1200, BELGIUM.
Objective: As proton arc therapy (PAT) approaches clinical implementation, optimizing treatment plans for this innovative delivery modality remains challenging, especially in addressing arc delivery time. Existing algorithms for minimizing delivery time are either optimal but computationally demanding or fast but at the expense of sacrificing many degrees of freedom. In this study, we introduce a flexible method for pre-selecting energy layers (EL) in PAT treatment planning before the actual robust spot weight optimization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
January 2025
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan. Electronic address:
Anaerobic digestion (AD) offers great potential for pollutant removal and bioenergy recovery. However, it faces challenges when using livestock manure (LSM) as a feedstock given its high content of refractory materials (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Med Chem
January 2025
Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals and Nanoradiopharmacy, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil.
This study discusses the chemical perspectives of the [18F]F-PSMA probe, a pivotal tool in prostate cancer imaging. [18F]Fluorine, a positron emitter with a half-life of 109.8 minutes, is produced in a cyclotron by bombarding [18O]-enriched targets with protons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China.
The riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool constitutes the largest and most dynamic organic carbon reservoir within inland aquatic systems. Human activities significantly alter the distribution of organic matter (OM) in rivers, thereby affecting the availability of DOM. However, the impact of total suspended solids (TSS) on DOM under anthropogenic influence remains insufficiently elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China. Electronic address:
The interactions between microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MPs-DOM) and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Cd) regulate the complex environmental transport behavior of pollutants in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In this study, fluorescence excited emission matrix spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and electrospray ionization coupled Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) were employed to investigate the complexation mechanism of MPs-DOM with heavy metals, as well as the effects of different environmental occurrences of MPs-DOM on the transport behaviors of heavy metals in saturated porous medium. The findings demonstrated that MPs-DOM, particularly humic-like substances containing aromatic structures and various oxygen functional groups, could form stable complexes with heavy metals.
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