Investigation of Crystal Shape Controllability in the Micro-Pulling-Down Method for Low-Wettability Systems.

This study presents the criteria for shape control in the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method for low-wettability systems (dewetting μ-PD method), which enables us to achieve highly shape-controllable crystal growth. In the dewetting μ-PD method, the presence of the die wall inhibits the direct observation of the meniscus during the process. Therefore, in this study, the meniscus shape was calculated using the Young-Laplace equation to predict the optimal crystal growth conditions. The free-end and fixed-end boundary conditions to be satisfied for the differential equations were defined at the triple point, with the melt on the die wall. The relationship between the crystal diameter and pressure in the fixed-end condition, wherein the wetting angle (α) at the triple point of the crystal was 90°, indicated the suppression of the melt infiltration by the presence of crystals. The gap between the die and crystal was minimized for the contact angle (θ) and growth angle (α) in the fixed-end and free-end conditions, at which |α + θ - π| was minimum at a given pressure under the assumption of single-valued solutions. The results of this study will facilitate the formation of noble-metal alloys with a net shape and expand the scope for the development of new materials.