Long-term outcomes of radial head arthroplasty for radial head fractures-a systematic review at minimum 8-year follow-up.

Background: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature to evaluate the functional outcomes, radiologic outcomes, and revision rates following radial head arthroplasty (RHA) at a minimum of 8 years follow-up.

Methods: Two independent reviewers performed a literature search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Only studies reporting on outcomes of RHA with a minimum of mean 8 years' follow-up were considered for inclusion.

Results: Our search found 10 studies including 432 elbows (51% males), with average age of 50 years (15-93) and mean follow-up of 117 months (98-145) met our inclusion criteria. At final follow-up, the mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire score were 83 (45-100) and 17 (0-63) respectively, and 86% of patients reported having no or minimal pain. The overall dislocation, subluxation, ulnar neuritis, and infection rates were 2%, 4%, 3%, and 3%, respectively. The rates of radiologic loosening, radiolucency, degenerative change, and heterotopic ossification were 9%, 46%, 27%, and 38%, respectively. The overall surgical revision rates were 20%, with 3%, 15%, and 5% requiring RHA implant revision, removal of metal or implants, and arthrolysis, respectively.

Conclusion: Our systematic review established that RHA results in satisfactory clinical outcomes and modest complication and revision rates at long-term follow-up, despite high levels of radiologic degenerative changes over the same period.