Ferroelectric materials provide a useful model system to explore the jerky, highly nonlinear dynamics of elastic interfaces in disordered media. The distribution of nanoscale switching event sizes is studied in two Pb(Zr_{0.2}Ti_{0.8})O_{3} thin films with different disorder landscapes using piezoresponse force microscopy. While the switching event statistics show the expected power-law scaling, significant variations in the value of the scaling exponent τ are seen, possibly as a consequence of the different intrinsic disorder landscapes in the samples and of further alterations under high tip bias applied during domain writing. Importantly, higher exponent values (1.98-2.87) are observed when crackling statistics are acquired only for events occurring in the creep regime. The exponents are systematically lowered when all events across both creep and depinning regimes are considered-the first time such a distinction is made in studies of ferroelectric materials. These results show that distinguishing the two regimes is of crucial importance, significantly affecting the exponent value and potentially leading to incorrect assignment of universality class.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.117601 | DOI Listing |
Jpn J Ophthalmol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of switching to intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) which did not achieve a dry macula even with 4- or 8-week intervals of intravitreal faricimab (IVF).
Study Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.
Methods: We retrospectively studied 33 eyes of 33 consecutive patients with nAMD who switched to IVBr from IVF, assessing best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal thickness (FT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), and exudative status at baseline and after the switch.
J Cell Biol
April 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
In the early Drosophila embryo, germband elongation is driven by oriented cell intercalation through t1 transitions, where vertical (dorsal-ventral aligned) interfaces contract and then resolve into new horizontal (anterior-posterior aligned) interfaces. Here, we show that contractile events produce a continuous "rectification" of cell interfaces, in which interfaces systematically rotate toward more vertical orientations. As interfaces rotate, their behavior transitions from elongating to contractile regimes, indicating that the planar polarized identities of cell-cell interfaces are continuously re-interpreted in time depending on their orientation angle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
January 2025
Laboratory for Emerging Viral Zoonoses, WOAH Reference Laboratory for Rabies, FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, Department for Research and Innovation, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy.
Unlabelled: The genus includes seventeen viral species able to cause rabies, an acute and almost invariably fatal encephalomyelitis of mammals. Rabies virus (RABV), which represents the type species of the genus, is a multi-host pathogen that over the years has undergone multiple events of host-switching, thus occupying several geographical and ecological niches. In contrast, non-RABV lyssaviruses are mainly confined within a single natural host with rare spillover events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRMD Open
January 2025
First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
Objectives: This study aimed to identify characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with an inadequate response to Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi-IR) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of subsequent treatments.
Methods: This study included 434 patients with RA who started JAKi treatment. JAKi-IR patients were those who switched to another drug due to inadequate response or did not reach low disease activity within 26 weeks of beginning JAKi.
Purpose: Predicting long-term anatomical responses in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients is critical for patient-specific management. This study validates a generative deep learning (DL) model to predict 12-month posttreatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and evaluates the impact of incorporating clinical data on predictive performance.
Methods: A total of 533 eyes from 513 treatment-naïve nAMD patients were analyzed.
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