Vascular Inflammation in Lungs of Patients with Fatal Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: Possible role for the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Hyperinflammation is a key event that occurs with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the lung, hyperinflammation leads to structural damage to tissue. To date, numerous lung histological studies have shown extensive alveolar damage, but there is scarce documentation of vascular inflammation in postmortem lung tissue. Here we document histopathological features and monitor the NLRP3 inflammasome in fatal cases of disease caused by SARS Cov2 (COVID-19). We posit that inflammasome formation along the vessel wall is a characteristic of lung inflammation that accompanies COVID-19 and that it is a probable candidate that drives amplification of inflammation post infection.