Quackery in medicine is as old as medicine. In times of crisis desperate patients believe in extraordinary claims. In the annals of pain killer quack medicine, elixirs, nostrums and liniments hold a preeminent position. The College of Dentistry at NYU received a collection of 237 bottles of nostrums and liniments dating from approximately 1850 through 1940. In this paper we inaugurate a series of articles featuring "Elixirs of the Past". We start this series with four samples, , four of many teething syrups that contained narcotics and were linked to infant death at the end of the 19th century. In 1906 Congress introduced to stop unsubstantiated claims. Companies were fined in court cases and finally compelled to remove narcotics and stop making unsubstantiated claims. Unmasking past claims hopefully stops quacks of today. Nevertheless, far more unfounded and extraordinary claims are being made today, using social media, perhaps more brazenly than one hundred years ago.
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Int J Surg
October 2024
Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Background: One of the most important surgical steps during thyroidectomy is the safe ligation of vessels. In fact, it is crucial to avoid postoperative bleeding and nerves' injury. The "clamp and tie" technique was first introduced in the 19th century.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) constitutes a substantial burden in African hospitals. Despite adhering to international guidelines, high inpatient mortality rates persist and the underlying contributing factors remain poorly understood.
Objective: We evaluated the 10-year trend (2011-2021) in clinical factors and outcomes among children with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema at Malawi's largest nutritional rehabilitation unit (NRU).
Pediatr Crit Care Med
December 2024
Children's Intensive Care Research Program, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Objectives: Pediatric sepsis results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is an urgent need to investigate adjunctive therapies that can be administered early. We hypothesize that using vitamin C combined with hydrocortisone increases survival free of inotropes/vasopressors support until day 7 compared with standard care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Periodontol
December 2024
Department of Periodontology, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Periodontal-Implant Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Aim: To determine bone regeneration following sinus floor elevation (SFE) at sites with or without prior sinus membrane perforation.
Materials And Methods: The sinus membranes in the maxillary sinuses of 12 rabbits were intentionally perforated (≥ 5 mm) on one side, followed by application of a collagen matrix. SFE was performed on both sinuses after 8 weeks of healing, presenting two groups: SFE with a previous large sinus membrane perforation (group SFE_Perf), and in an intact sinus (group SFE).
J Clin Periodontol
December 2024
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance healthcare practices, including periodontology, by improving diagnostics, treatment planning and patient care. This study introduces 'PerioGPT', a specialized AI model designed to provide up-to-date periodontal knowledge using GPT-4o and a novel retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system.
Methods: PerioGPT was evaluated in two phases.
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