Unlike mammals, lower vertebrates retain the capacity to regenerate damaged central nervous system (CNS) pathways throughout life. In previous studies, we have used the goldfish optic nerve (ON) as a model for CNS regeneration, and found that the injured goldfish ON selectively secretes a factor that promotes process outgrowth of cultured neurons, including neurons of the developing rodent CNS. In the current study, we found that a factor similarly obtained from the injured goldfish ON also has potent outgrowth-promoting effects on cerebrocortical neurons of the fetal human brain, and that these effects are dependent on the age of fetal neurons. This factor appeared to be a protein of mol. wt. greater than 12,000, and was associated with a distinctive morphology of neurite outgrowth. The neurite-promoting factor from the injured goldfish ON may be homologous to factors within the developing human brain.
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