Introduction: In a digital early literacy intervention RCT, children born late preterm fell behind peers when in a control condition, but outperformed them when assigned to the intervention. Results did however not replicate previous findings. Replication is often complicated by resource quality. Gold Standard measures are generally time-intensive and costly, while they closely align with, and are more sensitive to changes in, early literacy and language performance. A planned missing data approach, leaving these gold standard measures incomplete, might aid in addressing the origin(s) of non-replication.
Methods: Participants after consent were 695 p Dutch primary school pupils of normal and late preterm birth. The high-quality measures, in additional to simpler but complete measures, were intentionally administered to a random subsample of children. Five definitions of gold standard alignment were evaluated.
Results: Two out of five gold standard levels improved precision compared to the original results. The lowest gold standard level did not lead to improvement: precision was actually diminished. In two gold standard definitions, an alphabetical factor and a writing-only factor the model estimates were comparable to the original results. Only the most precise definition of the gold standard level replicated the original results.
Conclusion: Gold standard measures could only be used to improve model efficiency in RCT-designs under sufficiently high convergent validity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8007029 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0249175 | PLOS |
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