Hydrogen peroxide (HO) plays diverse biological roles, and its effects in part depend on its spatiotemporal presence, in both intra- and extracellular contexts. A full understanding of the physiological effects of HO in both healthy and disease states is hampered by a lack of tools to controllably produce HO. Here, we address this issue by showing visible-light-induced production of exogenous HO by free-standing, gold-decorated silicon nanowires internalized in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We further show that the photocatalytic production of HO is a general phenomenon of gold-silicon hybrid materials and is enhanced upon annealing.
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