Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated communication between proximal and distant cells is a highly conserved characteristic in all of the life domains, including bacteria. These vesicles that contain a variety of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and small-molecule metabolites play a key role in the biology of bacteria. They are one of the key underlying mechanisms behind harmful or beneficial effects of many pathogenic, symbiont, and probiotic bacteria. These nanoscale EVs mediate extensive crosstalk with mammalian cells and deliver their cargos to the host. They are stable in physiological condition, can encapsulate diverse biomolecules and nanoparticles, and their surface could be engineered with available technologies. Based on favorable characteristics of bacterial vesicles, they can be harnessed for designing a diverse range of therapeutics and diagnostics for treatment of disorders including tumors and resistant infections. However, technical limitations for their production, purification, and characterization must be addressed in future studies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.012 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Propidium Monoazide is Unreliable for Quantitative Live-Dead Molecular Assays.
Anal Chem
January 2025
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Propidium monoazide (PMA) is a dye that distinguishes between live and dead cells in molecular assays like the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). It works by cross-linking to the DNA of cells that have compromised membranes or extracellular DNA upon photoactivation, making the DNA inaccessible for amplification. Currently, PMA is used to detect viable pathogens and alleviate systemic bias in the microbiome analysis of samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBidirectional effects of neutrophils on biofilms .
J Oral Microbiol
January 2025
Periodontal Research Group, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Background: is a commensal bacterium and an early biofilm coloniser found in the human oral cavity. One of the biofilm matrix constituents is bacterial extracellular DNA (eDNA). Neutrophils are innate immune cells that respond to biofilms, employing antimicrobial mechanisms such as neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacterial strains that are genetically engineered to constitutively produce fluorescent proteins have aided our study of bacterial physiology, biofilm formation, and interspecies interactions. Here, we report on the construction and utilization of new strains that produce the blue fluorescent protein mTagBFP2, the green fluorescent protein sfGFP, and the red fluorescent protein mScarlet-I3 in species , and . Gene fragments, developed to contain the constitutive promoter P , the fluorescent gene of interest as well as , providing resistance to the antibiotic spectinomycin, were inserted into selected open reading frames on the chromosome that were both transcriptionally silent and whose loss caused no measurable changes in fitness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmphetamines (AMPHs) are psychostimulants commonly used for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. They are also misused (AMPH use disorder; AUD), with devastating outcomes. Recent studies have implicated dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of AUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarying effects of Vicia sativa and Vicia villosa on bacterial composition and enzyme activities in nutrient-deficient sugarcane soils under greenhouse conditions.
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Declining soil health and productivity are key challenges faced by sugarcane small-scale growers in South Africa. Incorporating Vicia sativa and Vicia villosa as cover crops can improve soil health by enhancing nutrient-cycling enzyme activities and nitrogen (N) contributions while promoting the presence of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical and biological inputs of V.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!