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Directed Acyclic Graphs in Decision-Analytic Modeling: Bridging Causal Inference and Effective Model Design in Medical Decision Making.
Med Decis Making
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Our commentary proposes the application of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) in the design of decision-analytic models, offering researchers a valuable and structured tool to enhance transparency and accuracy by bridging the gap between causal inference and model design in medical decision making.The practical examples in this article showcase the transformative effect DAGs can have on model structure, parameter selection, and the resulting conclusions on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.This methodological article invites a broader conversation on decision-modeling choices grounded in causal assumptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOcular Injuries and Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of the Literature.
Clin Ophthalmol
January 2025
Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a leading cause of death and disability across the world. We sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical presentation of ocular injuries in IPV.
Recent Findings: Literature review revealed 16 published studies that evaluated ocular injuries in IPV, of which the study types included 9 retrospective studies, 2 prospective, 1 review, 1 invited commentary, 2 case reports, and 1 population-based cross-sectional survey.
Implications of the fair processes for financing UHC report for development assistance: reflections and an application of the decision-making principles to PEPFAR.
Health Econ Policy Law
January 2025
Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The framework presented in the World Bank report Open and Inclusive: Fair processes for Financing Universal Health Coverage effectively connects proposed decision-making principles with practical examples that country governments can use to pursue greater fairness. In this commentary, we consider the suggestion that international development partners might use the report's criteria to examine their own processes. We consider what the report's primary Fair Process principles - equality, impartiality and consistency - imply for development partners.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvited commentary: "Predicting disease-specific survival in patients undergoing active surveillance for papillary thyroid carcinoma".
World J Surg
January 2025
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Sinagpore, Singapore, Singapore.
Invited Commentary: Why use methods that require proportional hazards?
Am J Epidemiol
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
We recently questioned the utility of testing for proportional hazards in survival analysis. Here we expand on why the proportional hazards assumption is both implausible and unnecessary in most medical studies, particularly in randomized trials. We conclude that using survival analysis methods that do not rely on proportional hazards is typically the preferred course of action.
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