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This study investigated the somatosensory and corticomotor physiology of retired contact sport athletes with a history of repeated concussion/subconcussion head trauma. Retired male athletes with a history of playing contact sports and repeated head trauma ( = 122) were divided into two groups: those who expressed concerns regarding their mental and cognitive health ("symptomatic": = 83), and those who did not express any ongoing concerns ("asymptomatic": = 39). Both groups were compared to age-matched male controls ( = 50) with no history of concussions or participation in contact sports, an absence of self-reported cognitive, or mood impairments. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and vibrotactile stimulation were used to assess corticomotor and somatosensory pathways respectively. TMS and vibrotactile stimulation were correlated to self-reported responses using the Fatigue and Related Symptom Survey. Linear regression was used to associate concussion history with TMS, somatosensory variables. Significant differences were found in symptom survey scores between all groups ( < 0.001). TMS showed significant differences between the "symptomatic" and control groups for intracortical inhibition and paired pulse TMS measures. Somatosensory measures showed significant differences for reaction time ( < 0.01) and reaction time variability ( < 0.01) between the "symptomatic" group to the "asymptomatic" and control groups. For other somatosensory measures, the "symptomatic" measures showed differences to the "control" group. Correlations showed significant associations between severity of symptom reporting with TMS and somatosensory measure, and regression revealed the number of concussions reported was shown to have significant relationships to increased intracortical inhibition and poorer somatosensory performance. This study shows that retired contact sport athletes expressing chronic symptoms showed significant pathophysiology compared to those with no ongoing concerns and non-concussed controls. Further, there is a linear dose-response relationship between number of reported concussions and abnormal neurophysiology. Neurophysiological assessments such as TMS and somatosensory measures represent useful and objective biomarkers to assess cortical impairments and progression of neuropsychological impairment in individuals with a history of repeated head trauma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.633320 | DOI Listing |
Hum Cell
December 2024
Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Reginal Center for Neurological Disease, Honggutan District, No.266 Fenghe North Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China.
Acute injury and secondary injury caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) seriously threaten the health of patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of β-Asarone in TBI-induced neuroinflammation and injury. In this work, the effects of β-Asarone on nerve injury and neuronal apoptosis were investigated in mice with TBI by controlled cortical impingement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
The central nervous system (CNS) comprises membranes and barriers that are vital to brain homeostasis. Membranes form a robust shield around neural structures, ensuring protection and structural integrity. At the same time, barriers selectively regulate the exchange of substances between blood and brain tissue, which is essential for maintaining homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrauma Surg Acute Care Open
December 2024
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Introduction: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries.
Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020.
BMC Nurs
December 2024
Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Background: Palliative care is defined as basic care that is provided for patients who suffer from pain and suffering due to illness. These cares are primarily provided by nurses, so their knowledge and attitude play a significant role in this area. In this study, the aim was to investigate nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding palliative and supportive care, as well as related factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetab Brain Dis
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to global mortality and morbidity, with emerging evidence indicating a heightened risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) following TBI. This study aimed to explore the molecular intersections between TBI and AD, focusing on the role of adipose mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC)-derived exosomes and hub genes involved in microglial polarization. Transcriptome profiles from TBI (GSE58485) and AD (GSE74614) datasets were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!