Objective: Influenza is a huge public health problem and vaccination is the best prevention tool. Vaccination coverage of target population is still far from the established objectives. The aim was to delve into the most important factors and actors influencing behaviors of influenza vaccine hesitancy in Spain from a qualitative perspective.
Methods: Qualitative research through one discussion group, three experiential groups and thirteen in-depth interviews was conducted with health professionals and general population in Madrid and Valencia in 2019.
Results: Influenza is considered a common, low-danger disease. Confusion due to misinformation and lack of knowledge and a high fear of vaccine adverse effects has been identified. The different conviction with which professionals recommend the vaccine has emerged, and the low awareness of the transmitting role of the disease was found in general population and professionals.
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the importance and urgency of developing well-structured and coordinated communication strategies, with common key messages and channels adapted to different populations from the deficiencies and needs identified. Strategic work with healthcare professionals is an essential factor in the final decision to get vaccinated against influenza.
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