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Transmission, infectivity, and antibody neutralization of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in California carrying a L452R spike protein mutation. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - A new SARS-CoV-2 variant, B.1.427/B.1.429, was found in California through whole-genome sequencing of 2,172 samples, having risen from 0% to over 50% of cases from September 2020 to January 2021 and showing an 18.6-24% increase in transmissibility compared to earlier strains.
  • - This variant has three mutations in the spike protein, including a notable L452R change, which is linked to higher viral shedding and increased infection rates in laboratory settings, though it's less effective compared to other variants with the N501Y mutation.
  • - Antibody tests indicated a significant reduction (4.0 to 6.7-fold

Article Abstract

We identified a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant by viral whole-genome sequencing of 2,172 nasal/nasopharyngeal swab samples from 44 counties in California. Named B.1.427/B.1.429 to denote its 2 lineages, the variant emerged around May 2020 and increased from 0% to >50% of sequenced cases from September 1, 2020 to January 29, 2021, exhibiting an 18.6-24% increase in transmissibility relative to wild-type circulating strains. The variant carries 3 mutations in the spike protein, including an L452R substitution. Our analyses revealed 2-fold increased B.1.427/B.1.429 viral shedding in vivo and increased L452R pseudovirus infection of cell cultures and lung organoids, albeit decreased relative to pseudoviruses carrying the N501Y mutation found in the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 variants. Antibody neutralization assays showed 4.0 to 6.7-fold and 2.0-fold decreases in neutralizing titers from convalescent patients and vaccine recipients, respectively. The increased prevalence of a more transmissible variant in California associated with decreased antibody neutralization warrants further investigation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7987058PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.07.21252647DOI Listing

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