A brucella phage of the Izatnagar series, designated Iz1, was lytic for all Brucella species that are normally smooth, although the efficiency of plating varied between biovars and species. The phage was also lytic for rough strains of B melitensis and B suis and, to a lesser extent, B ovis. It displayed negligible lytic activity towards B canis and rough B abortus cultures. In its morphological and serological properties and its stability to inactivating agents, the Iz1 phage resembled other brucella phages.
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Arch Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Bacteriophages produce endolysins at the end of the lytic cycle, which are crucial for lysing the host cells and releasing virion progeny. This lytic feature allows endolysins to act as effective antimicrobial alternatives when applied exogenously. Staphylococcal endolysins typically possess a modular structure with one or two enzymatically active N-terminal domains (EADs) and a C-terminal cell wall binding domain (CBD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus pose a significant threat in healthcare, demanding urgent therapeutic solutions. Combining bacteriophages with conventional antibiotics, an innovative approach termed phage-antibiotic synergy, presents a promising treatment avenue. However, to enable new treatment strategies, there is a pressing need for methods to assess their efficacy reliably and rapidly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Pathog
January 2025
Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314100, China; Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
This study was designed to evaluate the combined antimicrobial activity of selected phage cocktail (MS2+T7 phages) and essential oils (cinnamon, clove, oregano, and thymol) against Escherichia coli ATCC 15597. To select most effective phages, the lytic abilities of individual phages (MS2, phiX174, and T7) and their phage combinations were assessed using the phage spot test and plaque assay at various multiplicity of infections (MOIs) ranging from 0.01 to 100.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
January 2025
Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Success of phage therapies is limited by bacterial defenses against phages. While a large variety of anti-phage defense mechanisms has been characterized, how expression of these systems is distributed across individual cells and how their combined activities translate into protection from phages has not been studied. Using bacterial single-cell RNA sequencing, we profiled the transcriptomes of ~50,000 cells from cultures of a human pathobiont, , infected with a lytic bacteriophage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Pathog
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Food Safety, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China. Electronic address:
Salmonella presents a significant threat to the health of animals and humans, especially with the rise of strains resistant to multiple drugs. This highlights the necessity for creating sustainable and efficient practical approaches to managing salmonellosis. The most recent and safest approach to combat antimicrobial resistance-associated infections is lytic bacteriophages.
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