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Identification and characterization of prophages rich in diversity-generating retroelements.
Microbiol Spectr
December 2024
Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Metagenomics has uncovered a vast diversity of phages in the human gut, but detailed studies on these phages are limited.
- A new bioinformatics method was developed to identify prophages in cultured gut bacteria, leading to the discovery of 15 candidate prophages, with five validated as active.
- The study also found that some active phages had unique genetic features and varied host ranges, while noting a difference in prevalence among inflammatory bowel disease patients compared to healthy individuals, emphasizing the potential of studying prophage dynamics in understanding microbial ecology.
Cofactor recycling strategies for secondary metabolite production in cell-free protein expression systems.
Biophys Rev
October 2024
School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia.
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has emerged as an attractive platform for biotechnology and synthetic biology due to its numerous advantages to cell-based technologies for specific applications. CFPS can be faster, less sensitive to metabolite toxicity, and amenable to systems that are not easily genetically manipulated. Due to these advantages, a promising application of CFPS is to characterize biosynthetic gene clusters, particularly those harbored within the genomes of microorganisms that generate secondary metabolites, otherwise known as natural products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLa-Ni-Si: A Gold Mine with a Diamond.
Inorg Chem
December 2024
intelligent Advanced Materials, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers studied the La-poor section of the La-Ni-Si ternary system, leading to the discovery of four new polar intermetallic compounds.
- The compounds exhibit various structures, including diamond-like frameworks and homoatomic/homopolyhedral arrangements, emphasizing the unique characteristics of each type.
- The study concludes that the similar sizes and electronegativities of nickel (Ni) and silicon (Si) atoms contribute to the rich diversity of compositions and structures found in these materials.
Culturomics- and metagenomics-based insights into the soil microbiome preservation and application for sustainable agriculture.
Front Microbiol
October 2024
Sustainable AgriFood Systems Division, Department for Sustainability, Casaccia Research Center, ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Soil health is essential for food production, as microbiomes improve soil quality by breaking down contaminants, managing nutrient cycles, and helping plants cope with stress.
- Microbiome solutions can be developed from both synthetic communities (engineered for specific tasks) and natural populations (which enhance local resilience), promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
- Advancements in molecular techniques, like metagenomic sequencing and culturomics, allow us to better understand and preserve soil microbial diversity, which is vital for effective land management and conservation efforts.
The 'Omics Revolution in CHO Biology: Roadmap to Improved CHO Productivity.
Methods Mol Biol
October 2024
Department of Nanoscale Science and Engineering and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell physiology understanding has advanced very rapidly in the past few years with incredible improvements in long-read sequencing, improved resolution, and increased computational power. Multiple parental lines have been sequenced and the resultant pan-genome can be leveraged to increase our understanding of the diverse pathways CHO cells can take to get high-productivity phenotypes. The same improvements in workflows have complemented transcriptomic studies.
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