Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Background: One of the main factors in response to hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment is the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. Although its role in other solid tumors, particularly renal cell carcinoma, has been sufficiently elucidated, it remains elusive in prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of main proteins involved in this pathway and determine the correlation of the results with clinicopathological outcomes of patients with prostate cancer.
Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1a, HIF-2a and their regulators, prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)1, PHD2 and PHD3 and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH), was assessed on a tissue microarray. This was constructed from radical prostatectomy specimens, involving both tumor and corresponding adjacent non-tumoral prostate tissues from 50 patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer.
Results: In comparison with non-tumoral adjacent tissue, HIF-1a exhibited an equal or lower expression in 86% of the specimens (P = 0.017), while HIF-2a was overexpressed in 52% (P = 0.032) of the cases. HIF-1a protein expression was correlated with HIF-2a (P < 0.001), FIH (P = 0.004), PHD1 (P < 0.001), PHD2 (P < 0.001) and PHD3 (P = 0.035). HIF-2a expression was positively correlated with Gleason score (P = 0.017) and International Society of Urological Pathologists (ISUP) grade group (P = 0.022).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest a key role for HIF-2a in prostate cancer, as HIF-2a expression was found to be correlated with Gleason score and ISUP grade of the patients. However, further studies are required to validate these results and investigate the potential value of HIF-2a as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8093782 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033821990010 | DOI Listing |
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