Aims: The aim of this study is to design a computer model of the left atrium for investigating fibre-orientation-dependent microstructure such as stringy fibrosis.
Methods And Results: We developed an approach for automatic construction of bilayer interconnected cable models from left atrial geometry and epi- and endocardial fibre orientation. The model consisted of two layers (epi- and endocardium) of longitudinal and transverse cables intertwined-like fabric threads, with a spatial discretization of 100 µm. Model validation was performed by comparison with cubic volumetric models in normal conditions. Then, diffuse (n = 2904), stringy (n = 3600), and mixed fibrosis patterns (n = 6840) were randomly generated by uncoupling longitudinal and transverse connections in the interconnected cable model. Fibrosis density was varied from 0% to 40% and mean stringy obstacle length from 0.1 to 2 mm. Total activation time, apparent anisotropy ratio, and local activation time jitter were computed during normal rhythm in each pattern. Non-linear regression formulas were identified for expressing measured propagation parameters as a function of fibrosis density and obstacle length (stringy and mixed patterns). Longer obstacles (even below tissue space constant) were independently associated with prolonged activation times, increased anisotropy, and local fluctuations in activation times. This effect was increased by endo-epicardial dissociation and mitigated when fibrosis was limited to the epicardium.
Conclusion: Interconnected cable models enable the study of microstructure in organ-size models despite limitations in the description of transmural structures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euab001 | DOI Listing |
Sci Bull (Beijing)
December 2024
Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address:
Quantum teleportation is of both fundamental interest and great practical importance in quantum information science. To date, quantum teleportation has been implemented in various physical systems, among which superconducting qubits are of particular practical significance as they emerge as a leading system to realize large-scale quantum computation. Nevertheless, scaling up the number of superconducting qubits on a single chip becomes increasing challenging because of some emergent technical difficulties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
November 2024
Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States.
The design and characterization of thin-film ribbon cables as electrical interconnects for implanted neural stimulation and recording devices are reported. Our goal is to develop flexible and extensible ribbon cables that integrate with thin-film, cortical penetrating microelectrode arrays (MEAs). Amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) and polyimide were employed as the structural elements of the ribbon cables and multilayer titanium/gold thin films as electrical traces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing 312000, PR China. Electronic address:
Open Res Eur
May 2024
Research Center, Equinor ASA, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7053, Norway.
The inter-array grid relates to a significant share of the investments into an offshore wind power plant (OWPP). Optimizing the cable connections regarding costs and reliability is a mathematically complex task due to the high variety of possible wind and component (wind turbine or cable) failure scenarios. This paper presents a novel mixed integer linear programming approach to support investment decisions into OWPPs by trading off cabling purchase and installation costs with power capacity risk (PCR), which is defined as a length-weighed cumulative power flow summation that reflects the consequences of cable failures.
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