Matrix-induced chondrogenesis is a valid and safe cartilage repair option for small- to medium-sized cartilage defects of the knee: a systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing the results of matrix-induced chondrogenesis with other therapies for local chondral lesions of the knee.

Methods: A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCT) about matrix-induced chondrogenesis for focal chondral lesions in the knee was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Data source was PubMed central, EMBASE and Google scholar.

Results: Five articles could be included, whereas two originated from the same study group. Three studies compared matrix-induced chondrogenesis to microfracture (MFx) only. One trial compared AMIC to collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI-C). One study assessed the improvements given by the combination of AMIC with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). In three studies, clinical improvements compared to baseline were seen at 2-year postoperation, irrespective of the technique used. After 5 years, one trial showed better results for the AMIC group compared to MFx, including MRI defect filling. One study showed also good results after AMIC with faster recovery for patients with AMIC + BMAC 12 months postoperatively.

Conclusion: Results of RCTs comparing matrix-induced chondrogenesis with other treatment options showed that matrix-induced chondrogenesis is a valid and safe cartilage repair option for small- to medium-sized cartilage defects of the knee. This one-stage surgical technique presents a good alternative for patients.

Level Of Evidence: I.