Buspirone alleviates anxiety, depression, and colitis; and modulates gut microbiota in mice.

Sci Rep

Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.

Published: March 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • Buspirone effectively reduces anxiety/depression-like behaviors in mice subjected to immobilization stress and E. coli exposure, and it also improves gut microbiota composition, particularly decreasing harmful Proteobacteria levels.
  • The treatment's anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects correlate with specific microbial populations, highlighting the potential of microbiota-modulating therapies alongside traditional anxiety and depression treatments.

Article Abstract

Gut microbiota regulate the neurodevelopmental processes and brain functions through the regulation of the microbiota-gut interaction and gut-brain communication. Buspirone, an agonist for serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, is used for the treatment of anxiety/depression. Therefore, to understand the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of buspirone on anxiety/depression, we examined its effect on the immobilization stress (IS) or Escherichia coli K1 (EC)-induced anxiety/depression in mice. Oral or intraperitoneal administration of buspirone significantly suppressed stressor-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze, light/dark transition, tail suspension, and forced swimming tasks. Their treatments also reduced TNF-α expression and NF-κB/Iba1 cell population in the hippocampus and myeloperoxidase activity and NF-κB/CD11c cell population in the colon. Buspirone treatments partially restored IS- or EC-induced gut microbiota perturbation such as β-diversity to those of normal control mice: they reduced the IS- or EC-induced gut Proteobacteria population. In particular, the anxiolytic activity of buspirone was positively correlated with the populations of Bacteroides and PAC001066_g in EC- or IS-exposed mice, while the populations of Lachnospiraceae, KE159660_g, LLKB_g, Helicobacter, and PAC001228_g were negatively correlated. The anti-depressant effect of buspirone was positively correlated with the Roseburia population. The fecal microbiota transplantations from buspirone-treated mice with IS-induced anxiety/depression or normal control mice suppressed IS-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors and reduced hippocampal NF-κB/Iba1 and colonic NF-κB/CD11c cell populations in the transplanted mice. Furthermore, they modified IS-induced perturbation of gut microbiota composition, particularly Proteobacteria, in the transplanted mice. In conclusion, buspirone alleviates IS as well as EC-induced anxiety/depression and colitis. It also suppresses associated neuroinflammation and modulates gut microbiota. Future studies can help to explain the relationship, if any, in the central and peripheral effects of buspirone.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7969772PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85681-wDOI Listing

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