A series of Monte Carlo and HydroLight radiative transfer simulations are used to demonstrate that the traditional form of the Fresnel transmission across the water-air interface is accurate. This contradicts assertions to the contrary in a recent paper [Opt. Express25, 27086 (2017)10.1364/OE.25.027086] that suggested that the impact of multiple surface interactions had previously been ignored and that the transmission factor was dependent upon the turbidity of the water.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.414085 | DOI Listing |
J Environ Manage
December 2024
Department of environment and health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. Electronic address:
Carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli (CCREC) cause high mortality rates and health costs, and have become serious health concerns. Total 1764 samples were collected from 60 animal farms in 2019 and 2021, including worker and animal faeces, wastewater, well water, air, vegetables, human hands, object surfaces, throat swabs, soil, and flies to investigate the prevalence and potential transmission pathways of CCREC. Eleven CCREC were detected: 9 (5 in 2019 and 4 in 2021) from 5 worker faeces, 3 animal faeces, 1 wastewater, and 2 from 1 flies sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2024
Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
Evol Lett
August 2024
Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections often imposes strong selection for antibiotic resistance. However, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance varies greatly across different combinations of pathogens and drugs. What underlies this variation? Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and literature surveys capable of integrating data across many studies have tried to answer this question, but the vast majority of these studies have focused only on cases where resistance is common or problematic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper addresses the challenge of significant interference caused by direct sunlight, which adversely affects the orientation accuracy of underwater imaging polarization sensors (IPS). A novel underwater polarization orientation method is proposed based on direct sunlight compensation. Firstly, based on the polarization transmission model at the water-air interface, the interference mechanism of the underwater direct sunlight polarization detection model was analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
November 2023
Centre for Hydrogenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China.
The progress of solar-driven water-splitting technology has been impeded by the limited light response capability of semiconductor materials. Despite attempts to leverage nearly 50% of infrared radiation for photothermal synergy and catalytic reaction enhancement, heat loss during liquid phase reactions results in low energy conversion efficiency. Here, the photothermally driven catalytic water-splitting system, which designs K-SrTiO -loaded TiN silica wool at the water-air interface.
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