Background: Inadequate activation of the innate immune system after trauma can lead to severe complications such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. The spleen is thought to modulate the cellular immune system. Furthermore, splenectomy is associated with improved outcome in severely injured trauma patients. We hypothesized that a splenectomy alters the cellular immune response in polytrauma.
Methods: All adult patients with an ISS ≥ 16 and suffering from splenic or hepatic injuries were selected from our prospective trauma database. Absolute leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood were measured. White blood cell kinetics during the first 14 days were compared between splenectomized patients, patients treated surgically for liver trauma and nonoperatively treated individuals.
Results: A total of 129 patients with a mean ISS of 29 were included. Admission characteristics and leukocyte numbers were similar in all groups, except for slightly impaired hemodynamic status in patients with operatively treated liver injuries. On admission, leukocytosis occurred in all groups. During the first 24 h, leukopenia developed gradually, although significantly faster in the operatively treated patients. Thereafter, leukocyte levels normalized in all nonoperatively treated cases whereas leukocytosis persisted in operatively treated patients. This effect was significantly more prominent in splenectomized patients than all other conditions.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that surgery for intra-abdominal injuries is associated with an early drop in leucocyte numbers in peripheral blood. Moreover, splenectomy in severely injured patients is associated with an altered cellular immune response reflected by a persistent state of prominent leukocytosis after trauma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40001-021-00497-8 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Med Res
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a neurodegenerative ocular disease. This study investigated the role of ferroptosis-related genes and their interaction with immune cell infiltration in AMD.
Methods: We screened differential expression genes (DEGs) of AMD from data sets in Gene Expression Omnibus.
Biol Pharm Bull
December 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences.
The aim of this study was to analyze dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase (DLAT) expression and diagnostic ability in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), assess its role in HCC growth, and factors affecting it. We conducted bioinformatics analyses, examined DLAT expression and prognosis in pre-cancer, and performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment studies while investigating its correlation with immunity. We also predicted regulatory factors, and detected DLAT in HCC cells using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, and in patient serum via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Neurobiol
December 2024
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea. Electronic address:
Inflammation is a major mechanism of photoreceptor cell death in the retina during macular degeneration leading to the blindness. In this study, we investigated the role of the kinase molecule Zap70, which is an inflammatory regulator of the systemic immune system, to elucidate the control mechanism of inflammation in the retina. We observed activated microglial cells migrated and populated the retinal layer following blue LED-induced photoreceptor degeneration and activated microglial cells in the LED-injured retina expressed Zap70, unlike the inactive microglial cells in the normal retina.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Biomater
December 2024
Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China. Electronic address:
Osteosarcoma tissues demonstrated elevated expression of proteins (FDX1 and DLAT) integral to cuproptosis in our preliminary study, indicating the potential effectiveness of anti-tumor strategies predicated on this process. Nevertheless, the overexpression of copper export proteins and the challenge of copper ion penetration may contribute to insufficient local copper ion concentration for inducing cuproptosis. Herein, we engineered a biomimetic copper-elesclomol-polyphenol network for the efficient delivery of copper ions and the copper ionophore elesclomol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Chemother
December 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for treating various cancers; however, they can cause immune-related adverse events. Generally, ICIs are not associated with an increased risk of infection, however, several reports demonstrated infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) during ICI therapy. Here, we report a case of NTM shoulder arthritis with acute exacerbation immediately after ICI initiation.
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