Aims: CD4 T cells play crucial roles as both mediators and regulators of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the characteristics of CD4 T cell subpopulations in the earliest stage of RA development remain unclear. Hence, we determined the proportions and absolute counts of circulating CD4 T cell subsets in patients with seropositive undifferentiated arthritis (SUA), the early and preclinical stage of RA.
Methods: Peripheral blood samples and clinical information were collected from 177 patients with SUA, 104 patients with RA, and 120 healthy controls. All patients were newly diagnosed and untreated. Proportions and absolute counts of CD4 T cell subpopulations were determined by flow cytometric analysis.
Results: In patients with SUA, percentages and absolute counts of circulating regulatory T (Treg) cells were decreased significantly and Th17/Treg cell ratios were abnormally increased, whereas Th17 cell numbers were similar to those in healthy controls. In addition, sex-based differences in circulating Treg cells were observed, with female SUA patients having lower proportions and absolute counts of Treg cells than those in males. Moreover, female patients with SUA had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates and 28-joint Disease Activity Scores than those in males.
Conclusion: Immune tolerance deficiency resulting from an abnormal reduction in circulating Treg cells might be the most crucial immunological event in the earliest stage of RA. The sex-specific disparity in Treg cells should also be considered for immunoregulatory and preventive strategies targeting early RA.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7925950 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040622320986721 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly polymorphic, and host mtDNA variation has been associated with altered cancer severity. To determine the basis of this mtDNA-cancer association, we analyzed conplastic mice with the C57BL/6J (B6) nucleus but two naturally occurring mtDNA lineages, and , where mitochondria generate more oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS). In a cardiac transplant model, Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells supported long-term allograft survival, whereas Treg cells failed to suppress host T effector (Teff) cells, leading to acute rejection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Background: Mounting evidence support the involvement of adaptive immune system in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study investigated the age-dependent changes in the abundance of B and T cell subtypes in APP/PS1 mice, a commonly used model for AD.
Method: Peripheral blood was collected through cardiac puncture from 6-, 9-, 12-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic (TG) mice (APPsw and PSEN1dE9, n = 8-12) and their wildtype (WT) littermates (C57BL/6J, n = 12-15).
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Background: Much attention has been paid to the role of the perenchymal brain immune response in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the peripheral immune system in AD has not been thoroughly studied with modern sequencing methods.
Method: Here, we used a combination of single-cell sequencing strategies, including assay for transposase-accessible chromatin and RNA sequencing, to investigate the epigenetic and transcriptional alterations to the AD peripheral immune system.
Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi
December 2024
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
Objective To investigate the protective effect of curcumin (Cur) against arsenic-induced neuroimmune toxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms in vivo. Methods Eighty SPF female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group, an arsenic-treated group, a Cur-treated group and an arsenic+Cur group, with 20 mice in each group. The control group received distilled water; the arsenic-treated group was given 50 mg/L NaAsO in the drinking water; the Cur-treated group was gavaged with 200 mg/kg of curcumin for 45 days; and the arsenic+Cur group received distilled water and was gavaged with 200 mg/kg of curcumin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2025
Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Background: High dietary sodium intake is a major cardiovascular risk factor and adversely affects blood pressure control. Patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) are at increased cardiovascular risk, even after medical treatment, and high dietary sodium intake is common in these patients. Here, we analyze the impact of a moderate dietary sodium restriction on microbiome composition and immunophenotype in patients with PA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!