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Navigating the Neurobiology of Parkinson's: The Impact and Potential of α-Synuclein.
Biomedicines
September 2024
Department of Neurology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide; therefore, since its initial description, significant progress has been made, yet a mystery remains regarding its pathogenesis and elusive root cause. The widespread distribution of pathological α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregates throughout the body raises inquiries regarding the etiology, which has prompted several hypotheses, with the most prominent one being αSyn-associated proteinopathy. The identification of αSyn protein within Lewy bodies, coupled with genetic evidence linking αSyn locus duplication, triplication, as well as point mutations to familial Parkinson's disease, has underscored the significance of αSyn in initiating and propagating Lewy body pathology throughout the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA methylation in human diseases.
Heliyon
June 2024
Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1971653313 Iran.
Aberrant epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. The current review aims to reveal the role of aberrant DNA methylation in the pathogenesis and progression of diseases and to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. In the review, we mainly summarize the studies exploring the role of aberrant DNA methylation as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in a broad range of human diseases, including monogenic epigenetics, autoimmunity, metabolic disorders, hematologic neoplasms, and solid tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree dimensions of thermolabile sex determination.
Bioessays
February 2023
Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
The molecular mechanism of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) is a long-standing mystery. How is the thermal signal sensed, captured and transduced to regulate key sex genes? Although there is compelling evidence for pathways via which cells capture the temperature signal, there is no known mechanism by which cells transduce those thermal signals to affect gene expression. Here we propose a novel hypothesis we call 3D-TSD (the three dimensions of thermolabile sex determination).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammatory diseases in hematology: a review.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
October 2022
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Hematopoietic cells are instrumental in generating and propagating protective inflammatory responses to infection or injury. However, excessive inflammation contributes to many diseases of the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. We review three clinical categories of hematological inflammatory diseases in which recent clinical and translational advances have been made.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecond hit hypothesis in dystonia: Dysfunctional cross talk between neuroplasticity and environment?
Neurobiol Dis
November 2021
Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Scientists are trying to understand how things in a person's environment can affect the start and progress of a condition called dystonia, which makes muscles twitch and spasm.
- They have figured out some of the genetic causes but still don’t fully understand why some people with the same gene don’t have the same symptoms.
- The research shows that both genes and environmental factors work together, and studying this interaction can help us learn more about how dystonia happens.
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