We all know the disappointment when, after a wonderful snapshot, the details in the photo are at much lower contrast than seen before with our own eyes. A recent study by Rahimi-Nasrabadi et al. revealed that this is because human vision accounts for actual luminance range and for accompanied asymmetric changes in dark and light contrasts.
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OPTICAL BLUR AFFECTS DIFFERENTLY ON AND OFF VISUAL PATHWAYS.
bioRxiv
October 2024
Department of Biological and Visual Sciences, SUNY Optometry, New York, NY 10036, USA.
The human eye has a crystalline lens that focuses retinal images at the point of fixation. Outside this fixation region, images are distorted by optical blur, which increases light scatter and reduces the spatial resolution and contrast processed by neuronal pathways. The spectacle lenses that humans use for optical correction also minify or magnify the images, affecting neuronal surround suppression in visual processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLuminance Contrast Shifts Dominance Balance between ON and OFF Pathways in Human Vision.
J Neurosci
February 2023
Department of Biological and Visual Sciences, College of Optometry, State University of New York, New York, New York 10036
Article Synopsis
- - Human vision uses separate ON and OFF pathways to process light and dark stimuli, which behave differently depending on luminance contrast in the visual environment.
- - At high contrast, dark stimuli can be detected faster and more accurately due to the dominance of the OFF pathway, while at low contrast, light stimuli are perceived better, indicating a shift to ON pathway dominance.
- - The study suggests that understanding these ON-OFF dynamics can aid in diagnosing vision issues, particularly regarding low-contrast challenges that arise from ON pathway impairments.
Faster Detection of "Darks" than "Brights" by Monkey Superior Colliculus Neurons.
J Neurosci
December 2022
Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
Visual processing is segregated into ON and OFF channels as early as in the retina, and the superficial (output) layers of the primary visual cortex (V1) are dominated by neurons preferring dark stimuli. However, it is not clear how the timing of neural processing differs between "darks" and "brights" in general, especially in light of psychophysical evidence; it is also equally not clear how subcortical visual pathways that are critical for active orienting represent stimuli of positive (luminance increments) and negative (luminance decrements) contrast polarity. Here, we recorded from all visually-responsive neuron types in the superior colliculus (SC) of two male rhesus macaque monkeys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisual processing: Systematic variation in light-dark bias across visual space.
Curr Biol
September 2021
Optical Imaging and Brain Science Medical Discovery Team, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:
Detecting changes in luminance is a fundamental property of the visual system. A new study shows that lights and darks are represented differently across visual space, with strong OFF bias in central vision and balanced ON/OFF in the periphery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDarks and Lights, the 'Yin-Yang' of Vision Depends on Luminance.
Trends Neurosci
May 2021
Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany. Electronic address:
We all know the disappointment when, after a wonderful snapshot, the details in the photo are at much lower contrast than seen before with our own eyes. A recent study by Rahimi-Nasrabadi et al. revealed that this is because human vision accounts for actual luminance range and for accompanied asymmetric changes in dark and light contrasts.
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