Implantable biomaterials are essential surgical devices, extending and improving the quality of life of millions of people globally. Advances in materials science, manufacturing, and in our understanding of the biological response to medical device implantation over several decades have resulted in improved safety and functionality of biomaterials. However, post-operative infection and immune responses remain significant challenges that interfere with biomaterial functionality and host healing processes. The objectives of this review is to provide an overview of the biology of post-operative infection and the physiological response to implanted biomaterials and to discuss emerging strategies utilizing local drug delivery and surface modification to improve the long-term safety and efficacy of biomaterials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-00955-0 | DOI Listing |
Urolithiasis
January 2025
Urology Department, Benha University, Benha, Qalubia, Egypt.
Studies in literature discussed the drawbacks of the ureteral access sheath use in flexible ureteroscopy and in the same time mentioned the benefits of ureteral access sheath in decreasing the incidence of urosepsis and better stone free rate. In the current study we aim to compare between percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) insertion before flexible ureteroscopy and conventional ureteral access sheath (UAS) flexible ureteroscopy in terms of safety, efficacy and perioperative outcomes. In all, 100 Patients aged 20 to 67 years with upper ureteric stones and mild hydronephrosis or renal pelvic stones less than 20 mm with mild hydronephrosis were randomized into 2 groups; patients undergoing PCN insertion before flexible ureteroscopy, and patients undergoing the conventional UAS flexible ureteroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Surg Int
January 2025
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Purpose: To compare postoperative outcomes of bedside surgery (BS) with those of surgery performed in the operating room (ORS) in preterm and full-term neonates.
Methods: Data from neonates undergoing major surgical interventions were retrospectively evaluated. Primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative hypothermia.
Clin Spine Surg
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Study Design: Retrospective study.
Objective: To assess the feasibility and outcome of rapid recovery protocol (RRP) in severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with Cobb angle ≥90 degrees underwent single-staged posterior spinal fusion (PSF).
Summary Of Background Data: Corrective surgeries in severe AIS patients entail a higher risk of prolonged operation, excessive bleeding, extended hospital stay, and higher complication rates compared with non-severe AIS patients.
Discoveries (Craiova)
September 2024
Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University Lucknow, India.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is a life-threatening consequence of HSV infection of the central nervous system. Early antiviral therapy is most effective, necessitating prompt diagnosis. We report a case of atypical HSV encephalitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is typically classified as prerenal, renal, or postrenal in etiology, with postrenal often referring to obstructive causes. However, certain uncommon conditions, such as intraperitoneal urinary leaks, may not fit clearly into these categories. In patients with a recent history of pelvic procedure, a complication such as intraperitoneal urinary leak can mimic AKI due to urine reabsorption across the peritoneum.
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