Cancer related emergencies with the chief complaint of pain: Incidence, ED recognition, and quality of care.

Background: Pain is the most common reason for cancer-related emergency department (ED) visits and a precursor of the urgency of oncological emergencies.

Purpose: To identify the incidence of oncological emergencies with the chief complaint of pain and evaluate ED recognition and quality of care in managing the associated emergency.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of cancer patients presented to three EDs during the four-year study period.

Results: The study's sample consisted of 252 patients admitted with oncological emergencies with a chief complaint of pain. Some oncological emergencies were more likely to be prioritized appropriately, such as febrile neutropenia and increased intracranial pressure. However, most patients with spinal cord compression and cardiac tamponade were more likely to be triaged to less urgent triage categories. Timeliness of ED care was suboptimal for most patients, particularly among those assigned to less urgent triage categories. Indicators for the low quality of care extended beyond ED with multiple adverse events in the hospital.

Conclusion: Triage nurses are expected to use the oncological emergencies' prevalent symptoms to allocate the patients to high triage urgency accurately. Patient waiting to be seen expected to be reassessed periodically to ensure waiting remain safe. Hospitals can adopt or establish pathways, protocols, or standardized order sets to fast-track patients with oncological emergencies. The health information system should be available to monitor and improve the delivered care continuously.