A systematic review of point-of-care abdominal ultrasound scans performed by general surgeons.

Background: Ultrasound is an established imaging modality in general surgery. With the increasing use of bedside point-of-care ultrasounds, general surgeons have been incorporating this skill into their clinical practice. This systematic review provides an up-to-date summary of the evidence for abdominal ultrasound scans performed by general surgeons to diagnose intra-abdominal pathology.

Methods: Two independent reviewers searched the PubMed database between 1 January 1980 and 1 June 2020. Articles about surgeon-performed abdominal ultrasound in adult patients were included. Studies on trauma and vascular surgery were excluded.

Results: 26 articles met the inclusion criteria, presented as a narrative analysis. There was good evidence for the use of surgeon-performed ultrasound, particularly in gallstone-related diseases and moderate evidence for the use of ultrasound in appendicitis. Further evidence is required for point-of-care ultrasounds for other pathologies such as diverticulitis and groin hernias. Ultrasound training for general surgeons is variable with notable heterogeneity across studies.

Conclusion: A standardised training programme for general surgeons will greatly improve confidence and skill. There is good evidence for the use of bedside ultrasound by general surgeons in the acute and elective setting with reduced time to definitive treatment and fewer unnecessary hospital admissions.