Introduction: Lung cancer (LC), among all other cancers, is the leading cause of death worldwide, while the third most common cancer-causing mortality in India. Several techniques of the assay for early detection of cancer that improve survival rates have been employed in tissues and cell lines. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) is one of the most common techniques employed for gene expression studies for the normalization of a target gene using a reference gene (RG). The present study used the three most common RGs: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), β-Actin, and 18s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (18s rRNA), which were assessed by qPCR to validate, as of which is a more effective RG in blood samples of LC patients.
Materials And Methods: A total of thirty participants with LC of non-small cell and small cell type were included along with twenty healthy controls. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was quantified, prepared for complementary deoxyribose nucleic acid synthesis, and analyzed for expression of three RG on RTqPCR.
Results: Expression levels as Ct values of studied RG were reported as mean ± standard deviation for GAPDH (26.97 ± 5.107), β-actin (20.5 ± 2.3), and 18s rRNA (25.10 ± 4.075). GAPDH showed the lowest expression, whereas β-actin showed the highest expression among the studied RG in subjects of LC. The expression of GAPDH and 18s rRNA were statistically significantly lower than β-actin ( < 0.0001), whereas expression levels of GAPDH and 18s rRNA were comparable. However, the expression level of only β-actin in LC patients was comparable with healthy controls with < 0.1611 at 95% confidence interval.
Conclusion: It is concluded that β -actin may be considered the most suitable RG isolated and studied from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using RT qPCR in LC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcar.JCar_18_20 | DOI Listing |
Parasitol Res
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
Piroplasmosis is an important tick-borne disease in several regions, and can lead to significant economic animal production losses. The current study aimed to systematically examine the incidence of bovine piroplasmosis in Kashgar, Xinjiang, to provide baseline data for the effective prevention and control of this disease among bovines in the region. A total of 1403 bovine blood samples from 12 sampling points were screened via PCR with universal Piroplasma primers targeting the 18S rRNA locus and specific Theileria annulata primers targeting the cytochrome b (COB) gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nematol
March 2024
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), S. S. Bari, Via G. Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
PeerJ
December 2024
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The prevalence of spp. infecting sheep and goats were investigated in two cities and surroundings in northwest Saudi Arabia. Blood samples from 403 sheep and goats from Madina ( = 201) and Tabuk ( = 202) cities (177 from sheep and 226 from goats) were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
November 2024
Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100102, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing 100102, China.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of aucubin(AU) on injury of nucleus pulposus cells and extracellular matrix(ECM) degradation and its mechanism. The nucleus pulposus cell injury model was established by interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and treated with AU or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. CCK-8 experiment was conducted to test cell proliferation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpen Biol
December 2024
Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl, Russia.
The recently discovered Provora supergroup has primarily been examined to determine their phylogenomic position in the eukaryotic tree. Their morphology is more poorly studied, and here we focus on their cellular organization and how it compares with that of other supergroups. These small eukaryovorous flagellates exhibit several ultrastructural features that are also found in a subset of taxa from a wide variety of deep-branching lineages (Stramenopiles, Alveolata, Hemimastigophora, Malawimonadidae, Discoba and Metamonada), including vesicles beneath the plasmalemma, two opposing vanes on the flagella, a ventral feeding groove and a fibrillar system resembling the excavate type.
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