AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the immunological responses to the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) smallpox vaccine using 523 participants who received either lyophilized or liquid MVA in different administration methods.
- Results showed that MVA triggered significant antibody production against several viral proteins, particularly after 28 and 42 days, with strong correlations between some antibody responses and plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT).
- The findings suggest that specific proteins from the MVA vaccine could be potential indicators of protection and may inform future vaccine development strategies.
Article Abstract
Background: There are limited data regarding immunological correlates of protection for the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) smallpox vaccine.
Methods: A total of 523 vaccinia-naive subjects were randomized to receive 2 vaccine doses, as lyophilized MVA given subcutaneously, liquid MVA given subcutaneously (liquid-SC group), or liquid MVA given intradermally (liquid-ID group) 28 days apart. For a subset of subjects, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), interferon-γ release enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT), and protein microarray antibody-binding assays were conducted. Protein microarray responses were assessed for correlations with plaque reduction neutralization titer (PRNT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ADCC, and ELISPOT results.
Results: MVA elicited significant microarray antibody responses to 15 of 224 antigens, mostly virion membrane proteins, at day 28 or 42, particularly WR113/D8L and WR101H3L. In the liquid-SC group, responses to 9 antigens, including WR113/D8L and WR101/H3L, correlated with PRNT results. Three were correlated in the liquid-ID group. No significant correlations were observed with ELISPOT responses. In the liquid-ID group, WR052/F13L, a membrane glycoprotein, correlated with ADCC responses.
Conclusions: MVA elicited antibodies to 15 vaccinia strain antigens representing virion membrane. Antibody responses to 2 proteins strongly increased and significantly correlated with increases in PRNT. Responses to these proteins are potential correlates of protection and may serve as immunogens for future vaccine development.
Clinical Trials Registration: NCT00914732.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8861366 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab111 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
PRMT5 Inhibition Reduces Hyperinflammation in a Murine Model of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).
Blood Adv
January 2025
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but aggressive and potentially lethal hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by pathologic immune activation and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines leading to tissue damage and multisystem organ failure. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel targets and development of therapeutic strategies to treat this rare but deadly syndrome. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) mediates T cell-based inflammatory responses, making it a potential actionable target for the treatment of HLH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocalization of Cholecystokinin/Sulfakinin Neuropeptides in Biomphalaria glabrata, an Intermediate Host for Schistosomiasis.
J Comp Neurol
January 2025
Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Snails belonging to the genus Biomphalaria serve as obligatory intermediate hosts for the trematode Schistosoma mansoni, the causative agent for the most widespread form of schistosomiasis. The simpler nervous systems of gastropod molluscs, such as Biomphalaria, provide advantageous models for investigating neural responses to infection at the cellular and network levels. The present study examined neuropeptides related to cholecystokinin (CCK), a major multifunctional regulator of central nervous system (CNS) function in mammals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mRNA-1647 vaccine: A promising step toward the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV).
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2025
Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, England, UK.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of congenital infections and significant health complications in immunocompromised individuals. With no licensed CMV vaccine available, the development of the mRNA-1647 offers promising advancements in CMV prevention. We have reviewed results from Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of the mRNA-1647 vaccine, demonstrating robust immune responses in both seronegative and seropositive participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPig nasal and rectal microbiotas are involved in the antibody response to Glaesserella parasuis.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Vaccination stands as one of the most sustainable and promising strategies to control infectious diseases in animal production. Nevertheless, the causes for antibody response variation among individuals are poorly understood. The animal microbiota has been shown to be involved in the correct development and function of the host immunity, including the antibody response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRIF1 integrates DNA repair and transcriptional requirements during the establishment of humoral immune responses.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Genome Diversification & Integrity, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
The establishment of protective immune responses relies on the ability of terminally differentiated B cells to secrete a broad variety of antigen-specific antibodies with different effector functions. RIF1 is a multifunctional protein that promotes antibody isotype diversification via its DNA end protection activity during class switch recombination. In this study, we showed that RIF1 ablation resulted in increased plasmablast formation ex vivo and enhanced terminal differentiation into plasma cells upon immunization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!