Discovery of a Novel Member of the Genus from Soybean ( L. Merr.).

A novel member of the genus, provisionally named soybean carlavirus 1 (SCV1), was discovered by RNA-seq analysis of randomly collected soybean leaves in Illinois, USA. The SCV1 genome contains six open reading frames that encode a viral replicase, triple gene block proteins, a coat protein (CP) and a nucleic acid binding protein. The proteins showed highest amino acid sequence identities with the corresponding proteins of red clover carlavirus A (RCCVA). The predicted amino acid sequence of the SCV1 replicase was only 60.6% identical with the replicase of RCCVA, which is below the demarcation criteria for a new species in the family . The predicted replicase and CP amino acid sequences of four SCV1 isolates grouped phylogenetically with those of members of the genus in the family . The features of the encoded proteins, low nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of the replicase with the closest member, and the phylogenetic grouping suggest SCV1 is a new member of the genus.